journal of men's health
Volume 6, Issue 2 , Pages 125-129 , June 2009

Prostate cancer is associated with the metabolic syndrome

  • Subhashini Yaturu, MD

      Affiliations

    • Section of Endocrinology, Overton Brooks VAMC/ LSUHSC, 510, East Stoner Ave, Shreveport, LA, 71101, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author.
  • ,
  • Charlton Fort, MHA

      Affiliations

    • Overton Brooks VAMC, 510, East Stoner Ave, Shreveport, LA, 71101, USA

Received 3 September 2008 ,Accepted 22 January 2009.

References 

  1. Reaven GM. Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes. 1988;37:1595–1607
  2. Laaksonen DE, Lakka HM, Niskanen LK, Kaplan GA, Salonen JT, Lakka TA. Metabolic syndrome and development of diabetes mellitus: application and validation of recently suggested definitions of the metabolic syndrome in a prospective cohort study. Am J Epidemiol. 2002;156:1070–1077
  3. Lakka HM, Laaksonen DE, Lakka TA, Niskanen LK, Kumpusalo E, Tuomilehto J, et al. The metabolic syndrome and total and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men. JAMA. 2002;288:2709–2716
  4. Wang J, Ruotsalainen S, Moilanen L, Lepisto P, Laaksö M, Kuusisto J. Metabolic syndrome and incident end-stage peripheral vascular disease: a 14-year follow-up study in elderly Finns. Diabetes Care. 2007;30:3099–3104
  5. de Simone G, Devereux RB, Chinali M, Best LG, Lee ET, Galloway JM, et al. Prognostic impact of metabolic syndrome by different definitions in a population with high prevalence of obesity and diabetes: the Strong Heart Study. Diabetes Care. 2007;30:1851–1856
  6. Nomura AM. Body size and prostate cancer. Epidemiol Rev. 2001;23:126–131
  7. Engeland A, Tretli S, Bjorge T. Height, body mass index, and prostate cancer: a follow-up of 950,000 Norwegian men. Br J Cancer. 2003;89:1237–1242
  8. MacInnis RJ, English DR. Body size and composition and prostate cancer risk: systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Cancer Causes Control. 2006;17:989–1003
  9. MacInnis RJ, English DR, Gertig DM, Hopper JL, Giles GG. Body size and composition and prostate cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2003;12:1417–1421
  10. Gong Z, Neuhouser ML, Goodman PJ, Albanes D, Chi C, Hsing AW, et al. Obesity, diabetes, and risk of prostate cancer: results from the prostate cancer prevention trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006;15:1977–1983
  11. Choi KM, Kim SM, Kim YE, Choi DS, Baik SH, Lee J, et al. Prevalence and cardiovascular disease risk of the metabolic syndrome using National Cholesterol Education Program and International Diabetes Federation definitions in the Korean population. Metabolism. 2007;56:552–558
  12. Lorenzo C, Wiliams K, Hunt KJ, Haffner SM. The National Cholesterol Education Program – Adult Treatment Panel III, International Diabetes Federation, and World Health Organization definitions of the metabolic syndrome as predictors of incident cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2007;30:8–13
  13. Tong PC, Kong AP, So WY, Yang X, Ho CS, Ma RC, et al. The usefulness of the International Diabetes Federation and the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III definitions of the metabolic syndrome in predicting coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2007;30:1206–1211
  14. Hanley AJ, Karter AJ, Williams K, Festa A, D’Agostino RB, Wagenknecht LE, et al. Prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus with alternative definitions of the metabolic syndrome: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. Circulation. 2005;112:3713–3721
  15. Lorenzo C, Okoloise M, Williams K, Stern MP, Haffner SM San Antonio Heart Study. The metabolic syndrome as predictor of type 2 diabetes: the San Antonio heart study. Diabetes Care. 2003;26:3153–3159
  16. Beebe-Dimmer JL, Dunn RL, Sarma AV, Montie JE, Cooney KA. Features of the metabolic syndrome and prostate cancer in African-American men. Cancer. 2007;109:875–881
  17. Boyd DB. Insulin and cancer. Integr Cancer Ther. 2003;2:315–329
  18. Glode LM. Metabolic syndrome and prostate cancer. Cancer. 2008;112:2103–2105
  19. Hsing AW, Sakoda LC, Chua S. Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and prostate cancer. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;86:s843–s857
  20. Laukkanen JA, Laaksonen DE, Niskanen L, Pukkala E, Hakkarainen A, Salonen JT. Metabolic syndrome and the risk of prostate cancer in Finnish men: a population-based study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004;13:1646–1650
  21. Roberts CK, Vaziri ND, Wang ZQ, Barnard RJ. Enhanced NO inactivation and hypertension induced by a high-fat, refined-carbohydrate diet. Hypertension. 2000;36:423–429
  22. Youngren JF, Paik J, Barnard RJ. Impaired insulin-receptor autophosphorylation is an early defect in fat-fed, insulin-resistant rats. J Appl Physiol. 2001;91:2240–2247
  23. Hsing AW, Tsao L, Devesa SS. International trends and patterns of prostate cancer incidence and mortality. Int J Cancer. 2000;85:60–67
  24. Demark-Wahnefried W, Moyad MA. Dietary intervention in the management of prostate cancer. Curr Opin Urol. 2007;17:168–174
  25. Hammarsten J, Hogstedt B. Hyperinsulinaemia: a prospective risk factor for lethal clinical prostate cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2005;41:2887–2895
  26. Tande AJ, Platz EA, Folsom AR. The metabolic syndrome is associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer. Am J Epidemiol. 2006;164:1094–1102
  27. Smith MR, Lee H, Nathan DM. Insulin sensitivity during combined androgen blockade for prostate cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91:1305–1308
  28. Smith MR, Lee H, McGovern F, Fallon MA, Goode M, Zietman AL, et al. Metabolic changes during gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy for prostate cancer: differences from the classic metabolic syndrome. Cancer. 2008;112:2188–2194
  29. Lee H, McGovern K, Finkelstein JS, Smith MR. Changes in bone mineral density and body composition during initial and long-term gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment for prostate carcinoma. Cancer. 2005;104:1633–1637
  30. Davey Smith G, Bracha Y, Svendson KH, Neaton JD, Haffner SM, Kuller LH, et al. Incidence of type 2 diabetes in the randomized multiple risk factor intervention trial. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:313–322
  31. Muller M, Grobbee DE, den Tonkelaar I, Lamberts SW, van der Schouw YT. Endogenous sex hormones and metabolic syndrome in aging men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:2618–2623
  32. Fukui M, Tanaka M, Kadono M, Imai S, Hasegawa G, Yoshikawa T, et al. Serum prostate-specific antigen levels in men with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2008;31:930–931
  33. Kasper JS, Liu Y, Pollak MN, Rifai N, Giovannucci E. Hormonal profile of diabetic men and the potential link to prostate cancer. Cancer Causes Control. 2008;19:702–710

PII: S1875-6867(09)00032-3

doi: 10.1016/j.jomh.2009.01.005

journal of men's health
Volume 6, Issue 2 , Pages 125-129 , June 2009